DELETERIOUS EFFECT OF HIGH CARNOSINE CONCENTRATIONS IN EXTENDERS DURING SPERM CRYOPRESERVATION IN DOGS / EFECTO DELETÉREO DE ALTAS CONCENTRACIONES DE CARNOSINA EN DILUYENTES DURANTE LA CRIOPRESERVACIÓN ESPERMÁTICA EN PERROS
Resumen
Cryopreservation is a key process among the canine reproductive biotechnologies. However, during sperm cryopreservation an excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation occurs, leading to decrease in sperm quality. Therefore, several antioxidants were tested during sperm cryopreservation to prevent such effects, however the carnosine it has not used. Carnosine is a protein present in the seminal plasma, and unlike other antioxidants has the ability to remove products of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), which are as harmful as ROS. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different carnosine concentrations, during sperm cryopreservation in dogs. For this purpose, six dogs in reproductive age were used, and after sperm collection the samples were cryopreserved in Control (tris-citrate egg yolk extender), Carnosine 1mM, 50mM and 100mM groups. After thawing samples were analyzed by computer-assisted analysis of sperm motility, plasma membrane (eosin/nigrosin), acrosome integrity (fast green/rose Bengal), mitochondrial activity, DNA integrity and sperm resistance to oxidative stress (by TBARS). Decrease was observed in motility sperm kinetics (total and progressive motility) and reduced lipid peroxidation products in the group treated with 50mM and 100mM. On the other hand, 1mM was similar to control group. In conclusion, higher carnosine concentration (50 and 100mM) apparently promoted impairment in energy production and consequently was harmful to sperm kinetics. Thus, future studies must be performed using different carnosine concentrations and in association with substrates for glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation.
RESUMEN
La criopreservación es un proceso clave entre las biotecnologías reproductivas en caninos. Sin embargo, durante la criopreservación espermática se da una generación excesiva de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS), lo que lleva a una disminución en la calidad espermática. Por lo tanto, varios medios de congelación utilizando antioxidantes para evitar tales efectos han sido evaluados, aunque la carnosina todavía no se ha utilizada. La carnosina es una proteína presente en el plasma seminal que a diferencia de otros antioxidantes tiene la habilidad de remover productos de la peroxidación lipídica (malondialdehído), que son tan dañinos como los ROS. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos de diferentes concentraciones de carnosina durante la congelación espermática en perros. Para este propósito se utilizaron seis perros en edad reproductiva y después de la colectar los eyaculados, las muestras fueron criopreservadas en un diluyente Control (tris, citrato, yema de huevo), Carnosina 1mM, 50mM y 100 mM. Después del descongelado, las muestras fueron evaluadas mediante el análisis computerizado de la motilidad, integridad de membrana plasmática (eosina / nigrosina), integridad del acrosoma (Fast - green / rosa de Bengala), la actividad mitocondrial (3’3 Diaminobenzidina), la integridad del ADN (SCSA) y la evaluación de la resistencia al estrés oxidativo (TBARS). Se observó una disminución en la cinética de los espermatozoides (motilidad total y progresiva) y una reducción de los productos de la peroxidación lipídica en los grupos tratados con 50 mM y 100mM de carnosina. Por otro lado, el grupo con 1 mM de carnosina fue similar al control. En conclusión, una alta concentración de carnosina (50 y 100mM) parece afectar la producción de energía del espermatozoide y por lo tanto es perjudicial para la cinética del espermatozoide. Por lo tanto, futuros estudios deben realizarse utilizando diferentes concentraciones de carnosina y en asociación con sustratos para la glucólisis y la fosforilación oxidativa.
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